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What is a sexually transmitted infection?

• Sexually transmitted infections (or STIs) are passed on by very close contact between people – the type of closeness that only happens when people have sex or sexual contact. 
• You can’t get an STI by drinking from the same cup as someone and most will not be passed on by kissing, but you can get one by having sex. 
• HIV is an STI that you have probably heard about. It is a lot more complicated than other STIs, has no cure and people with it have to take medication every day. Click here for more information.   
• Penetrative vaginal sex or anal sex is the most common way for this to happen but even oral sex has some risk.

How will I know if I have an STI?

Some STIs don’t have any symptoms but some do have symptoms like:

• Pain when you pee.
• Unusual discharge from your penis or vagina.
• Itching, a rash, lumps or sores on or around your penis or vagina.

As they don’t all have symptoms, you can’t always tell if a sexual partner has an STI.

For a list of STIs and their treatment click here.

I think I have an STI, what should I do?

• Don’t panic! Almost all STIs can be cured by a short course of antibiotics.
• Those that can’t be cured can be managed.
• STIs can go on to cause longer lasting damage if they’re not treated, so the sooner you get tested the better.

How do I get tested for STIs?

• You can go to a sexual health clinic, many of which also have young people’s clinics. 
• You will be able to have a test to find out if you have an STI and to get treatment if you need it. 
• The service is free and confidential, so no-one will be told you have been.
• You can also go to your GP or to a Brook centre.

How can I avoid catching an STI?

The best way is to use condoms or female condoms (Femidoms) if you have sex. Condoms act as a barrier and protect you from STIs and unwanted pregnancy.

What if I am taking the pill?

The pill or other contraceptives will stop you becoming pregnant but they cannot protect you against STIs. So it’s always best to use condoms or Femidoms as well.

You can read more about how to avoid pregnancy on our 'Contraception and emergency contraception' page.

I’ve been with my partner a long time, we’ve both been tested for STIs and we both got the ‘all clear’.  Do we still need to use condoms or Femidoms?

No, as long as:

• You’ve both had STI tests since being together and both been told you are ‘clear’ or ‘negative’ of STIs. 
• You are using another method of contraception if you don’t want a baby.
• You trust each other.

If you have a question or you are unsure about anything then ask a Talksafe Counsellor or Peer Mentor.

Last review: 03/06/11 - Next review: 03/06/13